Republic of Macedonia
Capital: Skopje HDI: 0.747 (81st)
Language: Macedonian
GDP (PPP): $30.377 billion
Currency: Macedonian Denar
Population: 2,069,162
The Republic of Macedonia is a country in the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991. It became a member of the United Nations in 1993, but, as a result of an ongoing dispute with Greece over the use of the name Macedonia, was admitted under the provisional description the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. A landlocked country, the Republic of Macedonia is bordered by Kosovo to the northwest, Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south, and Albania to the west. It constitutes approximately the northwestern third of the larger geographical region of Macedonia, which also comprises the neighboring parts of northern Greece and smaller portions of southwestern Bulgaria and southeastern Albania. The country’s geography is defined primarily by mountains, valleys, and rivers. The capital and largest city is Skopje, which is home to roughly a quarter of the nation’s 2.06 million inhabitants. The majority of the residents are ethnic Macedonians, a South Slavic people. Albanians form a significant minority at around 25 percent, followed by Turks, Romani, Serbs, and others.
RESEARCH
Economic Overview
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FYR of Macedonia Overview – World Bank
http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/macedonia/overview
The Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia is an upper middle-income country that has made great strides in reforming its economy over the last decade. While the country has made significant progress in terms of its economic development, efforts across a range of areas are still needed to generate economic growth that will create jobs and improve living standards for all.
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Macedonia Economy 2016
http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/macedonia/macedonia_economy.html
Since its independence in 1991, Macedonia has made significant progress in liberalizing its economy and improving its business environment, but has lagged the Balkan region in attracting foreign investment.
Industry Trends & Business Climate
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Business Seminar – presentation of the business climate
http://ccir.ro/2016/05/10/business-seminar-presentation-of-the-business-climate-and-foreign-investments-in-the-republic-of-macedonia/
Business climate seminar. Video presentation of key note speaker of the seminar is Mr. Goran Mickovski, the Macedonian Minister for Foreign Investments
Establishing a Presence
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Company Types Macedonia
http://www.companyformationmacedonia.com/companies-types-macedonia
There are five forms the business may be organizedMacedonia: Limited Liability Company (Drushtvo so Ogranichena Odgovornost – DOO); Joint-Stock Company (Akcionersko Drushtvo – AD ); General Partnership (Javno Trgovsko Drushtvo – JTD); Limited Partnership (Komanditno Drushtvo – KD); Limited Partnership with Shares (Komanditno Drushtvo so Akcii – KDADA)
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Guide to Doing Business and Investing in Macedonia
http://www.pwc.com/mk/en/publications/assets/doing_business_guide_2011.pdf
See 6.2 (page 26) of this report from PWC on doing business in Macedonia
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Starting a Business in Macedonia
http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/macedonia,-fyr/starting-a-business
This site provides a detailed summary of the bureaucratic and legal hurdles faced by entrepreneurs wishing to incorporate and register a new firm in Macedonia,
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Macedonia company registration
http://www.healyconsultants.com/macedonia-company-registration/
Macedonia is one of the most financially stable countries in Eastern Europe with one of the easiest company formation processes.
Taxes
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Macedonia Corporate Tax Rate | 2006-2016
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/macedonia/corporate-tax-rate
The Corporate Tax Rate in Macedonia stands at 10 percent. Corporate Tax Rate in Macedonia averaged 10.70 percent from 2006 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 15 percent in 2006 and a record low of 10 percent in 2008. Corporate Tax Rate in Macedonia is reported by the Public Revenue Office.
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Macedonia Corporate – Taxes
http://taxsummaries.pwc.com/uk/taxsummaries/wwts.nsf/ID/Macedonia-Corporate-Taxes-on-corporate-income
Generally, all resident and non-resident legal entities operating through a permanent establishment (PE) are liable to pay corporate income tax (CIT) in Macedonia.
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Macedonia Personal Income Tax Rate | 2004-2016
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/macedonia/personal-income-tax-rate
The Personal Income Tax Rate in Macedonia stands at 10 percent. Personal Income Tax Rate in Macedonia averaged 13.17 percent from 2004 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 24 percent in 2005 and a record low of 10 percent in 2008. Personal Income Tax Rate in Macedonia is reported by the Public Revenue Office.
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Macedonia Individual – Taxes
http://taxsummaries.pwc.com/uk/taxsummaries/wwts.nsf/ID/JDCN-89HT3G
Personal income is subject to a flat 10% tax rate.
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Macedonia Sales Tax Rate | VAT | 2006-2016
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/macedonia/sales-tax-rate
The Sales Tax Rate in Macedonia stands at 18 percent.
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Macedonia Sales Tax Rate | VAT Forecast 2016-2020
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/macedonia/sales-tax-rate/forecast
In the long-term, the Macedonia Sales Tax Rate | VAT is projected to trend around 18.00 percent in 2020, according to our econometric models.
Visas
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Entry Visa for the Republic of Macedonia
http://www.mfa.gov.mk/index.php/en/for-foreign-nationals/entry-visa-for-the-republic-of-macedonia/entry-visa-for-the-republic-of-macedonia
Visa requirements by country for entry into Macedonia from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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Macedonia Visa
https://macedonia.visahq.com/
Comprehensive Information on Macedonia Visa Requirement
Infrastructure
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Republic of Macedonia Transportation
https://www.virtualtourist.com/travel/Europe/Republic_of_Macedonia/Transportation-Republic_of_Macedonia-TG-C-1.html
59 tips on getting to and getting around Republic of Macedonia from real travelers and locals.
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Macedonia — Transportation
http://www.iexplore.com/articles/travel-guides/europe/macedonia/transportation
Taxis are the most popular means of travel for visitors to Macedonia, but it’s advisable to avoid drivers soliciting rides at train and bus stations.
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Macedonia – Telecoms, Mobile, Broadband and Digital Media
https://www.budde.com.au/Research/Macedonia-Telecoms-Mobile-Broadband-and-Digital-Media-Statistics-and-Analyses
As part of EU integration legislation has implemented the principles of the EU’s regulatory framework for communications, established an independent regulator and set out a number of provisions to provide for a competitive telecom market, including wholesale access to the incumbent’s fixed-line network.
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Macedonia Telecoms
https://www.kenresearch.com/technology-and-telecom/telecommunications-and-networking/macedonia-telecom-mobile-broadband-digital-media/700-105.html
Macedonia’s mobile market is served by a triopoly of mobile network operators, two of which benefit from the technical know-how and financial resources of parent companies Deutsche Telekom and Telekom Austria.
Employer Obligations
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Legislation Macedonia (Lexadin)
http://www.lexadin.nl/wlg/legis/nofr/eur/arch/mac/laborlaw.pdf
Labor Code of Macedonia
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Macedonia.Labor Relations Act
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/WEBTEXT/47727/65084/E93MKD02.htm
Labor Relations Act – See Part VII “Termination of Employment”
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Legislation Macedonia (Lexadin)
http://www.lexadin.nl/wlg/legis/nofr/eur/arch/mac/laborlaw.pdf
Labor Code of Macedonia
Culture/Living
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Macedonia travel advice – GOVUK
https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/macedonia
Latest travel advice for Macedonia including safety and security, entry requirements, travel warnings and health
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Is Macedonia safe? Travel safety advice
http://www.is-macedonia-safe.com/
Travel advice for Macedonia. “Perfectly safe.” That’s how many travellers in different travel forums have described the Republic of Macedonia
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International Schools in Macedonia
http://www.expat-quotes.com/guides/macedonia/education/international-schools-in-macedonia.htm
This site lists the most popular international and bilingual schools in Macedonia, including nursery schools, primary and secondary (high) schools.
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Macedonia Education System
http://www.classbase.com/Countries/Macedonia/Education-System
This site provides a table that describes the levels of education avaialble in Macedonia
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Macedonia – Culture, Customs & Etiquette
http://guide.culturecrossing.net/basics_business_student.php?id=122
Guide to travel, doing business, and studying in Macedonia – culture, greetings, gestures,etiquette, taboos, negotiations, gift-giving, and more.
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Macedonia: Etiquette when Doing Business
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/read-our-blog/macedonia-etiquette-when-doing-business.html
Macedonia on the face of it is still a fairly formal society. This reflects in the rather proper and reserved nature of initial meetings.
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Weather and Climate: Macedonia
https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-Rainfall-Temperature-Sunshine-in-Macedonia
Macedonia’s climate features hot summers and cold winters. May-October is an excellent time to visit, as it’s the warmest and driest part of the year.
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Macedonia – Climate – Earlham College
https://www.cs.earlham.edu/~dusko/InfoMak/land/climate.html
Republic of Macedonia is characteristic of three different climates: Changed Mediteranean, Mountaneous and Mildly Continental
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Cost of Living in Macedonia
http://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/country_result.jsp?country=Macedonia
Average prices of more than 40 products and services in Macedonia. Prices of restaurants, food, transportation, utilities and housing are included.
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Cost of Living in Macedonia. 2016
https://www.expatistan.com/cost-of-living/country/macedonia
Cost of living comparisons in more than 1,600 cities all over the world.
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Macedonia – The World Factbook
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mk.html
See “People and Society” on this CIA site
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Demographics of the Republic of Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia
This site describes the the demographic features of the population of Republic of Macedonia, including population density,ethnicity, education level, health of the populous, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
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Macedonia Public Holidays 2016 and 2017
This site provides the complete list of Macedonia’s public holidays for 2016 and 2017
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Macedonia Public Holidays 2016
http://holidayyear.com/holidays/Macedonia
Macedonia holidays 2016, bank holidays, national holidays, official holiday calendar, religious festivals and celebrations for the year 2016
Trade
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Export.gov – MK-Centr-Welcome
http://2016.export.gov/macedonia/
Information for US exporters to Macedonia
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WTO | Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/macedonia_e.htm
This site provides key information on the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia’s participation in the WTO. The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) has been a member of WTO since 4 April 2003.
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Macedonia’s Recent Trade Agreements
http://www.investinmacedonia.com/why-macedonia/trade-agreements
Macedonia is a signatory of three multilateral Free Trade Agreements. In addition to the multilateral, Macedonia has also signed two bilateral Free Trade Agreements
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Customs: Regulations, Export-Import
https://macedonia.visahq.com/customs/
Customs regulations and procedures for importing and exporting goods at border.
Housing and Rentals
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Macedonia Vacation Rentals – ownerdirect.com
https://www.ownerdirect.com/accommodation/macedonia
Vacation rentals in Macedonia
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Macedonia Hotels
http://www.destination360.com/europe/macedonia/macedonia-hotels
Macedonia benefits from a reasonably well-established tourist industry thanks to the richness of its archaeological and historical sites, as well as its natural beauty.
Travel
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Macedonia Travel – Visit Macedonia
http://www.macedoniatravel.com/
Information on air and ground transportation, attractions and excursions
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Macedonia – Lonely Planet
https://www.lonelyplanet.com/macedonia
Part Balkan, part Mediterranean and rich in Greek, Roman and Ottoman history, Macedoniaoffers impressive ancient sites side by side with buzzing modernity,
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